Piri Re'is Map, 1513, Wiki image |
Many mysteries in the history of
humanity became clouded because of embellishment and the
disappearance of civilizations. Archaeology, Paleontology and Earth
Sciences have uncovered some of those mysteries. We know from Geology
and Paleontology that the Earth has gone through some serious
changes.
According to Robert
Ballard,
...some 12,000 years ago, much of the world was covered in ice. Where I live in Connecticut was ice a mile above my house, all the way back to the North Pole, about 15 million kilometers, that's a big ice cube. But then it started to melt. We're talking about the floods of our living history.
The source of myths are generally based
upon some element of fact. The flood story has been found around
the world in rock pictures from Australia to the North American
ancient tribes, so the so-called “myth” is not just found in
biblical Genesis.
Today, in modern times, another myth is
forming – but this one is not based on any real event, person or
fact. The consensus is that the Earth is warming and so the ice caps
will melt and flood the Earth again. This may or may not occur, but
there is more indication that another ice age will occur, and then
after a time will melt again causing flooding – Earth's history
repeating itself. The key element to the modern myth is that this
occurrence, presumed to be in its first stage, has been caused by the
“footprint” of mankind. But according to history this occurred at
least once before and certainly not caused by human presence.
Four hundred feet below the surface of
the Black Sea an ancient shoreline was discovered that is believed to
date back to around 5,000 BC, which biblical scholars date the
Genesis flood story. When correlating the different region of the
world's ancient history, one finds that the flood did not encompass
the entire planet at one time with dates ranging from 14,000 BC to
5,000 BC. Of course, some of the shoreline in spots around the world
were lost because of other natural occurrences, like volcanoes and
earthquakes; as in the case of the disappearance of Atlantis. Even in
recent history, tsunami have wiped out the coastline of 11 countries
in the Indian Ocean area.
One of the most amazing discoveries of
something that presents surprising facts and at the same time
presenting a mystery is the Piri
Re'is Map. Only a fragment survived, depicting the
western third of a world map that had been drawn on gazelle
parchment. It details the coast of Africa and the eastern coast of
South America. The map was signed by an Ottoman-Turkish admiral,
geographer, and cartographer, Piri
Re'is in the Islamic year of 919 AH (1513 AD). According o
Re'is' account, there were eight ancient Ptolemaic maps, an ancient
Arabic map of India, four Portuguese maps freshly drawn from Sindh,
Pakistan, and a map by Christoper Columbus of the western world.
Twenty charts in all and some scholars believe that the source of
some of the more ancient maps came from the Library
of Alexandria before it was destroyed.
The map was discovered by German
theologian, Gustav
Adolf Deissmann in 1929. It was a sensational discovery,
found in the Topkapi
Palace library. It was a thrilling discovery because Deissmann
had found the only surviving map of Columbus that accurately showed
the proper longitudinal position of South American in its relation to
Africa. The map still remains in the Topkapi Palace library in
Istanbul, Turkey.
There are notations on the surviving
piece of map that once depicted the world, which was translated by
Professor Afet
Inan of Ankara in 1954 and the key to the chart and
inscriptions can be found at the Sacred Text link.
North America depiction on the map is
not as clear and precise as the southern and central American
regions.
This map became even more famous when
people began to speculate and make claims like: (1) the map shows the
earth as seen from space, (2) the map shows the subglacial topography
of Greenland, (3) the map shows the subglacial topography of
Antarctica.
I will focus upon the last claim:
depiction of Antarctica before it was covered with ice and snow.
For one thing, the marginal notes on
the surviving piece of the world map refer to the coastline of
so-called Antarctica by Portuguese ships blown off course. One source
states the land was “very hot” - which does not describe
Antarctica. In addition, the presumed “Antarctica” depiction is
not separated by ocean from the tip of South America. Was this done
to save room on the map?
The major astonishment about this map
is that it shows great detail for a map created in 1513, especially
considering that portions of the map was taken from older more
ancient sources.
From a source published by World
Mysteries website:
The official science has been saying all along that the ice-cap which covers the Antarctic is million years old. The Piri Reis map shows that the northern part of that continent has been mapped before the ice did cover it. That should make think it has been mapped million years ago, but that's impossible since mankind did not exist at that time. Further and more accurate studies have proven that the last period of ice-free condition in the Antarctic ended about 6000 years ago. There are still doubts about the beginning of this ice-free period, which has been put by different researchers everything between year 13000 and 9000 BC.
The question is: Who mapped the Queen Maud Land of Antarctic 6000 years ago? Which unknown civilization had the technology or the need to do that?
The
Turkish admiral-cartographer notated that the a major amount of data
was copied from maps dating earlier than the 4th
century BC. Major person who disclaims the Antarctica theory is
Steven
Dutch,
University of Wisconsin of Natural and Applied Sciences.
Geologic
evidence confirms that the Queen Maud Land could have been charted in
its ice-free state about 4,000 BC; however, the flood story of Noah
is dated 5,000 BC. In that 1,000 years, could Antarctica have been
recovered with ice and snow?
The
verification
of the map was recorded in 1960 by Harold Ohlmeyer, USAF. He
stated that the map was created, or at least copied from an original
ancient map, that depicts Antarctica before
it was covered with ice.
The region is now under ice about one mile deep and certainly was
covered in 1513. Many scientists claim and still insist that the ice
cap of Antarctica is about a million years old, theoretically caused
by the shifting of the Earth's axis when hit by a comet or asteroid.
Charles
Hapgood
(The
Path of the Pole)
dealt with that theory and was confirmed to be possible by Albert
Einstein.
Even
if that is correct, there is no evidence that humans were present
that far back in history, and if so, the knowledge would have had to
have been passed by oral methods instead of written records.
Erich
von Däniken,
author of Chariot
of the Gods?
Maintains that the Piri Re'is map depicts Antarctica before the ice
because it was mapped from an aerial view by ancient
astronauts.
He wrote his second book, Gods
from Outer Space,
while serving a prison sentence for several financial crimes that
included fraud. Despite that, he became the co-founder of the AAS
RA
and designed and founded the Mystery
Park
(Jungfrau
Park)
in Interlaken, Switzerland in 2003.
The
Piri Re'is map is believed to have inspired the research for an Ice Age civilization that has yet to be found. The scale is off, but it
is a compass-oriented map instead of being based on latitude
and longitude.
Several books have been written about this map and its compelling
evidence of such knowledge dating farther back than previous thought.
It
is interesting and some of the theories are questionable, so the map
still remains, for the most part, a historical mystery.
I
leave speculation and conclusions to the reader.
The documentary celebrating the 500th anniversary of the discovery of the map was presented by the University of Greenwich. .
Here is an excellent video that presents the evidence towards the question - what maps did Piri Re'is copy from and how were they so accurate?
The next video is about the map with Graham Hancock explaining ...
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